FOR SCHOOL PROJECTS AND CLASSROOM USE YOU DO NOT NEED TO CONTACT ME TO USE THE QUESTIONNAIRE. HOWEVER, FOR RESEARCH PROJECT LIKELY TO BE PUBLISHED OR FOR COMMERICAL USE PLEASE GET PERMISSION VIA EMAIL.
Besides SOME articles on this site, numerous other published articles using this questionnaire can be found in a literature search. Many other researchers and graduate students have also used it in their studies over the years. You will be able to find these articles by a general literature search from the late 1970s. Feel free to contact me via email if you need help. THERE IS NO CHARGE FOR USE OF THE SAQ
PUBLICATIONS CONCERNING CURRENT RELIABILITY INFORMATION ARE FOUND ON THE QUESTIONNAIRE PAGE ALONG WITH A COPY OF THE SAQ. TO FIND OTHER RESEARCH ARTICLES USING THIS INSTRUMENT GO TO MY ARTICLES HOMEPAGE.
Doctoral students please note that if you need validity informtion, go to the 1978 article that first describes the questionnaire and the procedure for assessing face validity.
The following calculations for SPSS are written in ASCII DOS. You may be able to "cut and paste" or capture them and place them directly into your SPSS program. Just add your other variables. Check with your statistical consultant as these commands were written for a mainframe UNIX computer.
If you are using the STUDENT ALCOHOL QUESTIONNAIRE for a classroom project, it is suggested that you just calcualte the percent of subjects who answered each question stem.
Information on some SPSS coding:
LT = less then
LE = less than or equal to.
EQ= equal
GE= greater or equal
GT= greater than
For example in the following SPSS command:
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 2 AND WINAMT GE 0)
TOTAL=1
This statement in English would read, "if the frequency of drinking wine
is GREATER THAN the frequency of drinking beer and if the frequency of
drinking wine is GREATER THAN the frequency of drinking liquor(spirits)
and if the frequency of drinking wine is EQUAL TO the number 2 on the
scoring sheet and the amount of wine consumed is GREATER OR EQUAL to 2,
then the category of the variable TOTAL is set to 1."
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
CALCULATIONS USED WITH THE SAQ TO GET PERCENT STUDENTS CONSUMING
ALCOHOL, PERCENT CONSUMING DIFFERENT TYPES OF BEVERAGES, MEANT DRINKS OF
ALCOHOL PER WEEK, MEAN ALCOHOL KNOWLEDGE SCORE AND MEAN PROBLEMS RELATED TO
ALCOHOL SCORE IN SPSS FORMAT. Contact your SPSS consultant for help.
Hint: Look under COMMENTS for explaination for each area
COMMENT THE FOLLOWING IS A VARIABLE LIST WHICH CORRESPONDS TO
THE VARIABLES ON THE SAQ.
TITLE THE TITLE OF YOUR RESEARCH
DATA LIST FILE='THE NAME OF YOUR DATA FILE'
COMMENT YOU CAN ENTER THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION DIRECTLY INTO
YOUR SPSS PROGRAM BUT WILL HAVE TO USE THE SAME VARIABLE
NAMES. PLEASE REFER TO YOUR COPY OF THE SAQ AS EACH OF THE
NUMBERS IN THE DATA LIST FILE REFERS TO THE SPACE ON THE LINE.
/1 REGION 1 SCHOOL 2 NAME 3-4 COMM 5 SIZE 6 TYPE 7 DPT 8 SEX 9
AGE 10-11 MAJOR 12 (A) CLASS 13 GPA 14 RACE 15 RELIG 16 ROS 17
BEFREQ 18 BEAMT 19 WINE 20 WINAMT 21 LIQ 22 LIQAMT 23
HANGOR 24 VOMIT 25 DRIVCAR 26 DRCARK 27 DWDRIV 28 CLASSDR 29 CUTCLASD 30
MISHANG 31 DWI 32 CRITIC 33 LAW 34 JOBLOST 35 LOWGRADE 36 SCHADMIN 37
FIGHT 38 TINKPROB 39 DAMAGE 40 game 41 SMKf 42 SMKq 43-44 K1 TO K26 45-70
/2 TIME 1 K27 to k36 9-18 v1 to v11 19-29 ID 30 FRAT 31 RAPE 32
COMMENT IF YOU PUT IN A TWO DIGIT CODE FOR EACH MAJOR, YOU
WILL NOT NEED TO DO THE FOLLOWING STEP.
RECODE MAJOR ("A"=1)("B"=2)("C"=3)("D"=3)("E"=5)("F"=6)
("G"=7)("H"=8)("I"=9)("J"=10)("K"=11)("L"=12)
("M"=13)("N"=14)("O"=15)("P"=16)("Q"=17)("R"=18)
("S"=19)("T"=20)("U"=21) INTO MAJORA
COMMENT you must recode the following variables to reverse the order
for the correct calculations
RECODE beer to game (5=1)(4=2)(2=4)(1=5)
COMMENT CALCULATIONS TO GET QUANTITY/FREQUENCY PERCENT OVER PAST YEAR
ADAPTED FROM CAHALEN 1969
IF (BEFREQ LE 1 AND LIQ LE 1 AND WINE LE 1)TOTAL=1
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 2 AND BEAMT GE 2)TOTAL=2
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 2 AND BEAMT EQ 1)TOTAL=1
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 2 AND LIQAMT EQ 1)TOTAL=1
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 2 AND LIQAMT GE 2)TOTAL=2
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 2 AND LIQAMT EQ 0)TOTAL=1
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 2 AND BEAMT EQ 0)TOTAL=1
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 3 AND BEAMT EQ 1)TOTAL=1
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 3 AND BEAMT EQ 2)TOTAL=3
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 3 AND BEAMT EQ 0)TOTAL=1
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 3 AND LIQAMT EQ 2)TOTAL=3
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 3 AND LIQAMT EQ 1)TOTAL=1
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 3 AND LIQAMT EQ 0)TOTAL=1
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 4 AND LIQAMT EQ 0)TOTAL=1
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 4 AND BEAMT EQ 0)TOTAL=1
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 4 AND BEAMT EQ 1)TOTAL=4
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 4 AND BEAMT EQ 2)TOTAL=4
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 4 AND LIQAMT EQ 2)TOTAL=4
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 4 AND LIQAMT EQ 1)TOTAL=4
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 3 AND LIQAMT EQ 3)TOTAL=4
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 3 AND BEAMT EQ 3)TOTAL=4
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 5 AND BEAMT EQ 0)TOTAL=1
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 5 AND LIQAMT EQ 0)TOTAL=1
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 5 AND BEAMT EQ 1)TOTAL=4
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 5 AND BEAMT EQ 2)TOTAL=5
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 5 AND LIQAMT EQ 2)TOTAL=5
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 5 AND LIQAMT EQ 1)TOTAL=4
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 3 AND LIQAMT GE 4)TOTAL=5
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 3 AND BEAMT GE 4)TOTAL=5
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 4 AND BEAMT EQ 3)TOTAL=5
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 4 AND LIQAMT EQ 3)TOTAL=5
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 5 AND LIQAMT EQ 3)TOTAL=5
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 5 AND BEAMT EQ 3)TOTAL=5
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 5 AND LIQAMT GE 4)TOTAL=6
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 5 AND BEAMT GE 4)TOTAL=6
IF (BEFREQ GE LIQ AND BEFREQ EQ 4 AND BEAMT GE 4)TOTAL=6
IF (LIQ GT BEFREQ AND LIQ EQ 4 AND LIQAMT GE 4)TOTAL=6
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 2 AND WINAMT GE 1)
TOTAL=1
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 2 AND WINAMT GE 0)
TOTAL=1
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 3 AND WINAMT EQ 1)
TOTAL=1
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 3 AND WINAMT EQ 2)
TOTAL=3
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 3 AND WINAMT EQ 0)
TOTAL=1
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 4 AND WINAMT EQ 0)
TOTAL=1
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 4 AND WINAMT EQ 1)
TOTAL=4
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 4 AND WINAMT EQ 2)
TOTAL=4
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 3 AND WINAMT EQ 3)
TOTAL=4
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 4 AND WINAMT EQ 3)
TOTAL=5
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 5 AND WINAMT EQ 0)
TOTAL=1
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 5 AND WINAMT EQ 1)
TOTAL=4
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 5 AND WINAMT EQ 2)
TOTAL=5
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 5 AND WINAMT GE 3)
TOTAL=5
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 4 AND WINAMT GE 4)
TOTAL=6
IF (WINE GT BEFREQ AND WINE GT LIQ AND WINE EQ 3 AND WINAMT GE 4)
TOTAL=5
COMMENT CALCULATIONS TO GET PERCENT ABSOLUTE ALC FROM EACH DRINK.
IE, BEER, WINE AND SPIRITS
IF (BEFREQ LE 1 )TOTALB=1
IF (BEFREQ EQ 2 AND BEAMT GE 2)TOTALB=2
IF (BEFREQ EQ 2 AND BEAMT EQ 1)TOTALB=1
IF (LIQ EQ 2 AND LIQAMT EQ 1)TOTALL=1
IF (LIQ EQ 2 AND LIQAMT GE 2)TOTALL=2
IF (LIQ EQ 2 AND LIQAMT EQ 0)TOTALL=1
IF (BEFREQ EQ 2 AND BEAMT EQ 0)TOTALB=1
IF (BEFREQ EQ 3 AND BEAMT EQ 1)TOTALB=1
IF (BEFREQ EQ 3 AND BEAMT EQ 2)TOTALB=3
IF (BEFREQ EQ 3 AND BEAMT EQ 0)TOTALB=1
IF (LIQ EQ 3 AND LIQAMT EQ 2)TOTALL=3
IF (LIQ EQ 3 AND LIQAMT EQ 1)TOTALL=1
IF (LIQ EQ 3 AND LIQAMT EQ 0)TOTALL=1
IF (LIQ EQ 4 AND LIQAMT EQ 0)TOTALL=1
IF (BEFREQ EQ 4 AND BEAMT EQ 0)TOTALB=1
IF (BEFREQ EQ 4 AND BEAMT EQ 1)TOTALB=4
IF (BEFREQ EQ 4 AND BEAMT EQ 2)TOTALB=4
IF (LIQ EQ 4 AND LIQAMT EQ 2)TOTALL=4
IF (LIQ EQ 4 AND LIQAMT EQ 1)TOTALL=4
IF (LIQ EQ 3 AND LIQAMT EQ 3)TOTALL=4
IF (BEFREQ EQ 3 AND BEAMT EQ 3)TOTALB=4
IF (BEFREQ EQ 5 AND BEAMT EQ 0)TOTALB=1
IF (LIQ EQ 5 AND LIQAMT EQ 0)TOTALL=1
IF (BEFREQ EQ 5 AND BEAMT EQ 1)TOTALB=4
IF (BEFREQ EQ 5 AND BEAMT EQ 2)TOTALB=5
IF (LIQ EQ 5 AND LIQAMT EQ 2)TOTALL=5
IF (LIQ EQ 5 AND LIQAMT EQ 1)TOTALL=4
IF ( LIQ EQ 3 AND LIQAMT GE 4)TOTALL=5
IF (BEFREQ EQ 3 AND BEAMT GE 4)TOTALL=5
IF (BEFREQ EQ 4 AND BEAMT EQ 3)TOTALL=5
IF (LIQ EQ 4 AND LIQAMT EQ 3)TOTALL=5
IF (LIQ EQ 5 AND LIQAMT EQ 3)TOTALL=5
IF (BEFREQ EQ 5 AND BEAMT EQ 3)TOTALL=5
IF (LIQ EQ 5 AND LIQAMT GE 4)TOTALL=6
IF (BEFREQ EQ 5 AND BEAMT GE 4)TOTALB=6
IF (BEFREQ EQ 4 AND BEAMT GE 4)TOTALB=6
IF (LIQ EQ 4 AND LIQAMT GE 4)TOTALL=6
IF (WINE EQ 2 AND WINAMT GE 1)
TOTALW=1
IF (WINE EQ 2 AND WINAMT GE 0)
TOTALW=1
IF ( WINE EQ 3 AND WINAMT EQ 1)
TOTALW=1
IF (WINE EQ 3 AND WINAMT EQ 2)
TOTALW=3
IF (WINE EQ 3 AND WINAMT EQ 0)
TOTALW=1
IF (WINE EQ 4 AND WINAMT EQ 0)
TOTALW=1
IF (WINE EQ 4 AND WINAMT EQ 1)
TOTALW=4
IF (WINE EQ 4 AND WINAMT EQ 2)
TOTALW=4
IF (WINE EQ 3 AND WINAMT EQ 3)
TOTALW=4
IF (WINE EQ 4 AND WINAMT EQ 3)
TOTALW=5
IF (WINE EQ 5 AND WINAMT EQ 0)
TOTALW=1
IF (WINE EQ 5 AND WINAMT EQ 1)
TOTALW=4
IF (WINE EQ 5 AND WINAMT EQ 2)
TOTALW=5
IF (WINE EQ 5 AND WINAMT GE 3)
TOTALW=5
IF (WINE EQ 4 AND WINAMT GE 4)
TOTALW=6
IF (WINE EQ 3 AND WINAMT GE 4)
TOTALW=5
COMMENT CALCULATIONS TO GET MEAN PROBLEM SCORE OVER PAST YEAR
JUST USE EACH OF THE PROBLEMS SEPARATELY WITH ANOTHER VARIABLE
FOR THE CROSS-TAB(CHISQUARE) CALCULATIONS.
COMPUTE PROB=0
IF (HANGOR EQ 3 OR HANGOR EQ 4 OR HANGOR EQ 5) PROB=PROB+1
IF (VOMIT EQ 3 OR VOMIT EQ 4 OR VOMIT EQ 5) PROB=PROB +1
IF (DRIVCAR EQ 3 OR DRIVCAR EQ 4 OR DRIVCAR EQ 5) PROB=PROB + 1
IF (DRCARK EQ 3 OR DRCARK EQ 4 OR DRCARK EQ 5) PROB=PROB + 1
IF (DWDRIV EQ 3 OR DWDRIV EQ 4 OR DWDRIV EQ 5) PROB=PROB + 1
IF (CLASSDR EQ 3 OR CLASSDR EQ 4 OR CLASSDR EQ 5) PROB=PROB + 1
IF (CUTCLASD EQ 3 OR CUTCLASD EQ 4 OR CUTCLASD EQ 5) PROB=PROB + 1
IF (MISHANG EQ 3 OR MISHANG EQ 4 OR MISHANG EQ 5) PROB=PROB + 1
IF (DWI EQ 3 OR DWI EQ 4 OR DWI EQ 5) PROB=PROB + 1
IF (CRITIC EQ 3 OR CRITIC EQ 4 OR CRITIC EQ 5) PROB =PROB + 1
IF (LAW EQ 3 OR LAW EQ 4 OR LAW EQ 5) PROB=PROB + 1
IF (JOBLOST EQ 3 OR JOBLOST EQ 4 OR JOBLOST EQ 5) PROB=PROB + 1
IF (LOWGRADE EQ 3 OR LOWGRADE EQ 4 OR LOWGRADE EQ 5) PROB=PROB + 1
IF (SCHADMIN EQ 3 OR SCHADMIN EQ 4 OR SCHADMIN EQ 5) PROB=PROB + 1
IF (FIGHT EQ 3 OR FIGHT EQ 4 OR FIGHT EQ 5) PROB=PROB + 1
IF (TINKPROB EQ 3 OR TINKPROB EQ 4 OR TINKPROB EQ 5) PROB=PROB + 1
IF (DAMAGE EQ 3 OR DAMAGE EQ 4 OR DAMAGE EQ 5) PROB =PROB + 1
COMMENT CALCULATIONS TO GET KNOWLEDGE SCORE. THE SORING CRITERIA
THE CORRECT ANSWER IS FOUND AFTER THE "EQ". IE, EQ 1 MEANS THAT
THE CORRECT ANSWERE IS "1." IF THE CORRECT ANSWER IS "1" OR "2" ONE
POINT IS ADDED TO THE SCORE.
COMPUTE SCORE=0
IF (K1 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE+1
IF (K2 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE +1
IF (K3 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K4 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K5 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K6 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K7 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K8 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K9 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K10 EQ 1) SCORE =SCORE + 1
IF (K11 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K12 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K13 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K14 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K15 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K16 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K17 EQ 2) SCORE =SCORE + 1
IF (K18 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K19 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K20 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K21 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K22 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K23 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K24 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K25 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K26 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K27 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K28 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K29 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K30 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K31 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K32 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE+ 1
IF (K33 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K34 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K35 EQ 2) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (K36 EQ 1) SCORE=SCORE + 1
IF (SCORE LE 13) SCORE1=1
IF (SCORE GE 14 AND SCORE LT 17) SCORE1=2
IF (SCORE GE 17 AND SCORE LT 20) SCORE1=3
IF (SCORE GE 20 AND SCORE LT 23) SCORE1=4
IF (SCORE GE 23 AND SCORE LT 26) SCORE1=5
IF (SCORE GE 26) SCORE1=6
COMMENT CALCULATIONS TO OBTAIN MEAN DRINKS PER WEEK.
IT IS NOW COMMON TO SUM THE NUMBER OF DRINKS CONSUMED FOR EACH
BEVERAGE USING THE FOLLOWING SCALING TO GET MEAN
DRINKS PER WEEK. SEE MY ARTICLES FOR REFERENCES TO THIS PROCEDURE
YOU CAN CHANGE THE 'AMOUNT' OR QUANTITY PART OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE
BY ASKING STUDENTS TO WRITE IN HOW MANY ON THE AVERAGE THEY
CONSUME RATHER THAN HAVING THEM CHECK THE RANGE. THE FOLLOWING
CALUCLATIONS ARE FOR STANDARDIZING THE AMOUNT. Make sure the items
have been recoded from the original questionnare.
RECODE BEAMT,WINAMT,LIQAMT(5=7.50) (4=5.50) (3=3.50) (2=1.5) (1=.50) (0=0)
RECODE BEFREQ,WINE,LIQ(5=7.0) (4=3.5) (3=.5) (2=.12) (1=.02) (0=0)
COMPUTE MEANB=0
COMPUTE MEANW=0
COMPUTE MEANL=0
COMPUTE MEANT=0
COMPUTE MEANB = BEFREQ*BEAMT
COMPUTE MEANW = WINE * WINAMT
COMPUTE MEANL = LIQ * LIQAMT
COMPUTE MEANT= SUM(MEANB,MEANW,MEANL)
COMMENT AT THIS POINT YOU WILL NEED TO PUT THE T-TEST, CHI-SQUARE,
MANOVA ETC PROCEDURES.